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Related Concept Videos

Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

333
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
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Superplasticizers01:30

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Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
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Waterproofing and Anti-Bacterial Admixtures in Concrete01:22

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Concrete's susceptibility to water absorption is due to the capillary action within the pores of its hydrated cement paste. This action draws water in, creating the need for waterproofing admixtures to prevent such penetration. The efficacy of these admixtures is contingent upon the water pressure, with variations arising from different conditions such as rain, capillary rise, or hydrostatic pressure in structures intended to hold water.
Waterproofing admixtures render concrete hydrophobic,...
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Engineering PVA-CNF-MOF Composite Films for Active Packaging: Enhancing Mechanical Strength, Barrier Performance, and

Sergio Carrasco1, Juan Amaro-Gahete2,3, Eduardo Espinosa1

  • 1BioPrEn Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.

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Researchers developed active packaging films using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF). These sustainable films significantly improve mechanical strength and barrier properties, offering a novel solution to reduce global food waste.

Keywords:
PVAPVA-CNF-MOF filmactive packagingcellulose nanofibersmetal-organic frameworks

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Food Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Food waste is a major global issue, contributing to economic losses and environmental degradation.
  • Spoilage is driven by factors like microbial growth, enzymatic activity, oxidation, and ethylene production.
  • Active packaging can extend food shelf life by controlling these spoilage factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel active packaging films using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) integrated with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF).
  • To enhance the mechanical, barrier, and active properties of PVA films for food preservation.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of these composite films in reducing food spoilage and waste.

Main Methods:

  • Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were prepared using solvent casting, incorporating five different MOFs (HKUST-1, MIL-88A, BASF-A520, UiO-66, MOF-801).
  • TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were added to improve MOF dispersion and film performance.
  • Films were analyzed for physical, mechanical, optical properties, water vapor permeability, and UV protection.
  • Ethylene adsorption capacity was tested using climacteric fruits.

Main Results:

  • The incorporation of CNF significantly improved MOF dispersion and overall film performance.
  • PVA-CNF-MOF-801 films showed a 130% increase in tensile strength, a 50% reduction in water vapor permeability, and a 168% improvement in UV protection compared to neat PVA films.
  • CNF-containing films demonstrated enhanced ethylene adsorption, crucial for preserving climacteric fruits.

Conclusions:

  • Polyvinyl alcohol-cellulose nanofibers-metal-organic framework composite films show significant potential as sustainable active packaging materials.
  • These advanced films offer an effective strategy to mitigate food spoilage and reduce the environmental impact of food waste.
  • The developed materials provide enhanced mechanical and barrier properties, contributing to longer food shelf life.