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Heart transplantation in Norway 1983–2023.

Arne K Andreassen¹, Johannes L Bjørnstad², Einar Gude¹

¹Kardiologisk avdeling, Oslo universitetssykehus, Rikshospitalet.

Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke

|October 16, 2025

Summary

Heart transplantation in Norway has seen survival rates improve significantly over 40 years. Outcomes at Rikshospitalet are comparable to leading global centers, with a median survival of 13.4 years for first-time recipients.

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Transplant Surgery
Medical Outcomes Research

Background:

Heart transplantation has been a critical treatment for advanced heart failure in Norway for 40 years.
International data indicate a median post-transplant survival of approximately 11 years.
Most centers perform 10-19 heart transplants annually.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of heart transplantation outcomes in Norway.
To analyze patient and donor characteristics, survival rates, and complications.
To assess the impact of evolving medical practices on transplant success.

Main Methods:

Retrospective observational analysis of heart transplant recipients.
Data collected from Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, between November 1983 and December 2023.
Focus on patient/donor factors, survival statistics, and complication analysis.

Main Results:

Annual transplant volume increased from a median of 24 (1983-2005) to 32 (2006-2023).
Median survival for 1078 first-time recipients was 13.4 years (95% CI: 12.7-14.4).
Survival improved across transplant eras, despite increased donor age and recipient acuity; cancer and graft failure were leading causes of death.

Conclusions:

Heart transplantation outcomes in Norway demonstrate steady improvement over time.
Rikshospitalet performs a high volume of heart transplants globally.
Transplant outcomes at Rikshospitalet are comparable to leading international centers.