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Medication, Nutrition, and Hygiene in COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

Wan-Ting Kuo1, I-Hsiu Lai2

  • 1De-An Clinic Tainan City 711 Taiwan.

Global Challenges (Hoboken, NJ)
|October 16, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This review highlights effective COVID-19 treatments, including antivirals and immune-supporting nutrients. An integrated approach combining therapies, prevention, and nutrition is key to improving outcomes against Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Area of Science:

  • * Infectious Diseases and Virology
  • * Immunology and Nutritional Science

Background:

  • * Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to pose global health challenges despite advancements.
  • * Emerging variants necessitate ongoing research into effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review current treatments, nutritional support, and adjuvant therapies for COVID-19.
  • * To explore strategies for enhancing immune function and modulating inflammation in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • * Literature search of PubMed for studies on COVID-19 and related therapies (2020-2025).
  • * Focus on randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and clinical guidelines.
  • * Analysis of antiviral medications, adjunctive therapies, and nutritional interventions.

Main Results:

  • * Antiviral medications (remdesivir, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, molnupiravir) reduce mortality and hospitalizations.
  • * Adjunctive therapies (corticosteroids, IL-6 inhibitors, JAK inhibitors, NAC) modulate inflammation.
  • * Nutritional support (omega-3s, vitamins D, C, A, zinc, selenium, probiotics) enhances immune function.
  • * Preventive measures (hygiene, masks, distancing) reduce transmission.

Conclusions:

  • * An integrated approach combining antivirals, adjunctive therapies, prevention, and nutrition is crucial for managing COVID-19.
  • * Optimizing immune response and reducing inflammation are key therapeutic goals.
  • * Continued research and adherence to public health measures are vital.
Keywords:
COVID‐19SARS‐CoV‐2hygienenutrientspharmacological treatment

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