Achieving Diabetes Remission: Current Guidelines and Emerging Pharmacotherapies in India

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission has emerged as a critical area of research and clinical interest, especially in India, where diabetes prevalence is rising at an alarming rate. Achieving remission through pharmacologic, dietary, and surgical interventions is now an attainable goal for a subset of patients. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from clinical trials, emerging pharmacologic interventions, and current guidelines for diabetes remission. We explore the mechanisms of diabetes reversal, highlighting novel agents such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 agonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. This review also addresses the long-term sustainability of remission, epidemiological trends in India, and current treatment recommendations, integrating data from major studies. The findings underscore the need for a patient-centered, evidence-based approach to diabetes management. Additionally, we discuss the role of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), dietary interventions, and the benefits of millet consumption in diabetes remission.