Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

861
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
861
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

4.3K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
4.3K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

4.9K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
4.9K
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

2.0K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.0K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

582
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
582
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

826
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
826

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same authorSame journal

"Academic Overdose" among Healthcare Professionals.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2026
Same author

Thyrotropin Controversy in Subclinical Thyroid Disorders.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2026
Same author

Artificial Intelligence Cannot Be Human, Emotional, or Spiritual.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2025
Same author

Clinician's Health?

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2025
Same author

Jail Syndrome.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2025
Same author

Expert Consensus Document on Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Adaptation of 2012 ESC Guidelines.

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·2018
Same journal

Indian Expert Consensus on Allergic Rhinitis in Women: A Modified Delphi Survey.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2026
Same journal

Systematic Review of Topical Capsaicin 0.075% for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain: Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2026
Same journal

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Kidney Diseases Other Than That Due to Diabetes: Benefits in Composite Renal Outcomes Driven by Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2026
Same journal

<i>Fasciolopsis buski</i> Diagnosed by Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2026
Same journal

Respiratory Examination for Postgraduate Residents: Unrevealing Expert's Questions and Answers.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
05:10

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

Published on: May 30, 2025

902

Prediabetes: To Be Treated or Not?

Rajesh Agrawal1

  • 1Secretary, RSSDI, Madhya Pradesh; CEO, Department of Medicine, Diabetes Overweight Thyroid and Hormone Clinic, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, Corresponding Author, Orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1237-210X.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|October 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prediabetes (PD) significantly increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular issues. Early intervention through lifestyle changes or medication is crucial for high-risk individuals to prevent progression.

More Related Videos

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory
10:03

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory

Published on: February 28, 2013

26.4K
Author Spotlight: Integrating Tai Chi with Mindfulness Training to Achieve an Effective Mind-Body Exercise
05:06

Author Spotlight: Integrating Tai Chi with Mindfulness Training to Achieve an Effective Mind-Body Exercise

Published on: July 14, 2023

2.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
05:10

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

Published on: May 30, 2025

902
A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory
10:03

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory

Published on: February 28, 2013

26.4K
Author Spotlight: Integrating Tai Chi with Mindfulness Training to Achieve an Effective Mind-Body Exercise
05:06

Author Spotlight: Integrating Tai Chi with Mindfulness Training to Achieve an Effective Mind-Body Exercise

Published on: July 14, 2023

2.3K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Prediabetes (PD) is a critical stage between normal blood glucose and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), characterized by impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4%.
  • Individuals with PD face a 5-10% annual risk of progressing to T2DM and are susceptible to micro- and macrovascular complications, including cardiovascular diseases.
  • The global prevalence of PD is substantial and projected to rise, underscoring the urgent need for preventative strategies to mitigate morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burdens associated with T2DM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the importance and necessity of treating prediabetes (PD) to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and associated complications.
  • To review the efficacy of lifestyle interventions and pharmacotherapy in managing PD and reducing T2DM incidence.
  • To discuss the controversies surrounding PD treatment, including overdiagnosis, overmedication, and the need for long-term risk-benefit analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on prediabetes diagnosis, risk factors, progression, and treatment outcomes.
  • Analysis of data from landmark studies like the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP).
  • Discussion of current treatment guidelines and expert recommendations for pharmacotherapy in PD.

Main Results:

  • Intensive lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, weight loss) can reduce PD to T2DM progression by 40-70% and improve cardiovascular health.
  • Pharmacotherapies targeting insulin resistance and glucose production, including metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors, DPP IV inhibitors, and GLP1 RAs, show efficacy in preventing T2DM.
  • The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) demonstrated a 31% reduction in T2DM incidence with metformin use.
  • While pharmacotherapy options exist, their use in PD remains debated due to potential adverse effects and lack of consensus, particularly for non-metformin agents.

Conclusions:

  • Aggressive management of PD is essential due to its high risk of T2DM progression and complications.
  • Lifestyle interventions are highly effective, but pharmacotherapy should be considered for high-risk individuals with strong family history, severe insulin resistance, obesity, or comorbidities.
  • Further long-term studies are needed to fully ascertain the risk-benefit profile of pharmacotherapy in PD, with regular monitoring recommended for all individuals diagnosed with PD.