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Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps
Published on: August 17, 2017
An equilibrium trion liquid in atomic double layers
Phuong X Nguyen1,2, Raghav Chaturvedi1, Liguo Ma1
1School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Abstract:
A trion is a bound state of two electrons and one hole or two holes and one electron. To date, trions have been observed only as optically excited states in doped semiconductors. We report the emergence of an equilibrium trion liquid in Coulomb-coupled molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) and tungsten diselenide (WSe2) monolayers. By electrically tuning the hole density in WSe2 to be two times the electron density in MoSe2, we generated equilibrium interlayer trions with binding energy in the milli-electron volt energy scale at temperatures two orders of magnitude below the Fermi temperature. We observed a density-tuned phase transition to an electron-hole plasma, spin-singlet correlations for the constituent holes, and Zeeman field-induced dissociation of the trions. Our results pave the way for exploration of the correlated phases of composite particles in solids.
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