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Bazi Bushen capsule alleviates skin photoaging by targeting the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway

Yuning Jiang1, Mengnan Li2, Hongrong Li3

  • 1Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.

Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology
|October 16, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Bazi Bushen (BZBS) capsule combats skin photoaging by enhancing the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway. Key compounds verbascoside and epimedin A target KEAP1, reducing oxidative stress and skin aging.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Traditional Chinese Medicine

Background:

  • Photoaging, a form of skin aging caused by external factors like UV radiation, is a significant concern.
  • Comprehensive strategies may offer greater benefits in preventing photoaging than single interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pharmacological effects and mechanism of Bazi Bushen (BZBS) capsule in treating skin photoaging.
  • To identify key compounds and pathways targeted by BZBS for its anti-photoaging effects.

Main Methods:

  • Network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, and bio-layer interferometry (BLI) were used to predict targets and pathways.
  • In vitro and in vivo experiments, including those on photoaging mice, validated BZBS's therapeutic effects.
  • Key pathway modulation was assessed using reporter gene assays, western blot, and RT-qPCR.

Main Results:

  • BZBS mitigated UV-induced skin degeneration, promoted hair growth, and reduced inflammation in mice.
  • BZBS enhanced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) expression, alleviating oxidative stress and aging phenotypes.
  • Verbascoside and epimedin A from BZBS directly bound to kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), inhibiting NRF2 degradation.

Conclusions:

  • BZBS demonstrates therapeutic potential for skin photoaging by modulating the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway.
  • Verbascoside and epimedin A were identified as novel KEAP1-targeting compounds within BZBS.
  • These findings support BZBS as a promising traditional Chinese medicine strategy for photoaging.
Keywords:
Bio-layer interferometryBotanic extractsKEAP1–NRF2 pathwayOxidative stressPhotoaging

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