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Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants
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Cleft Orthognathic Surgery.

Marcus Hwang1, Shahid Aziz2

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.

Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America
|October 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cleft orthognathic surgery impacts facial profile and function. A multidisciplinary team approach ensures optimal outcomes for patients undergoing complex procedures like maxillary advancement and mandibular setback.

Keywords:
Cleft orthognathic surgeryDistraction osteogenesisMaxillary deficiencyNegative overjetObstructive sleep apneaPosterior crossbitePseudo-class III malocclusionPseudo-prognathism

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Cleft orthognathic surgery significantly alters facial profile, masticatory function, and impacts subsequent reconstructive procedures.
  • Optimal patient outcomes necessitate a collaborative, multi-disciplinary cleft team approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the comprehensive surgical and collaborative strategies for optimizing outcomes in cleft orthognathic surgery.
  • To highlight the importance of a coordinated team in managing complex facial deformities.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-disciplinary team approach involving dentists, plastic surgeons, otolaryngologists, orthodontists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and speech pathologists.
  • Surgical techniques may include maxillary advancement, mandibular setback, cant correction, and genioplasty with genioglossus advancement.
  • Emphasis on preserving soft tissue and vascularity during surgical planning.

Main Results:

  • Careful planning and conservative maxillary movements can minimize complications and control relapse.
  • Achieving an orthognathic profile while avoiding worsening of obstructive sleep apnea is a key consideration.
  • Holistic outcomes are optimized through integrated care pathways.

Conclusions:

  • A coordinated, multi-disciplinary team is essential for successful cleft orthognathic surgery.
  • Preserving soft tissue and vascularity, coupled with meticulous planning, is crucial for minimizing complications and relapse.
  • Orthognathic surgery in cleft patients requires a comprehensive approach addressing skeletal, functional, and aesthetic aspects.