Long-term stability of outcomes in pediatric facial dysmorphic surgery: a retrospective analysis

This study aimed to assess occlusal stability following early orthognathic surgery. Complications, patient satisfaction, and correction of dysfunction were also assessed. Orthognathic surgery is considered early when it is performed before the end of growth. To this end, a retrospective study was conducted, involving patients aged between 11 and 16. In total, 51 patients were included (24 females and 27 males), with an average age of 14.7 years. The occlusal stability score at 3 years postoperatively was equal or superior to 8 in 76.5 % of the cases. The average occlusal stability score was 8.52/10 (SD = 2.17). Facial deformities recurred in seven patients (13.7 %). Three patients (5.8 %) required a second orthognathic surgery to correct facial deformity recurrence. Three patients (5.8 %) had bilateral partial sensory deficits of the inferior alveolar nerves. Two patients (3.9 %) had partial unilateral sensory deficits. Oral breathing significantly decreased from 54.9 % preoperatively to 25.5 % at 3 years postoperatively. Tongue position improved significantly at 3 years postoperatively, with 27.5 % of patients having a lower tongue versus 56.9 % during the preoperative period (p < 0.001). Our study revealed stable aesthetic and functional results at 3 years, as well as improved self-esteem and quality of life.