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The Electrical Double Layer

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In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...

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Mechanically Robust Bilayer Solid Electrolyte Interphase Enabled by Sequential Decomposition Mechanism for

Yiming Zhou¹, Xiande Fang¹, Baiheng Li²

¹College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|October 17, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel electrolyte additive for silicon anodes, creating a robust bilayer solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) to prevent capacity decay. This cost-effective solution enhances battery longevity and performance for silicon-based anodes.

Keywords:

Bilayer solid electrolyte interphase Electrolyte additive Li3PO4‐rich Micron‐sized SiOx anodes Trimethyl phosphate

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Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Micron-sized silicon (Si)-based materials offer high capacity and low cost for battery anodes.
Severe volume expansion during lithiation causes mechanical stress on the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), leading to premature capacity decay.
Existing SEI regulation strategies often compromise manufacturability and cost.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel, low-cost electrolyte additive for Si-based anodes.
To engineer a robust bilayer SEI with high Li+ conductivity to mitigate volume expansion and enhance cycle life.
To improve the stability and performance of Si-based anodes in energy storage applications.

Main Methods:

A novel electrolyte additive, BE-TF, composed of 3 wt% trimethyl phosphate (TMP) and 5 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in a carbonate electrolyte, was employed.
A sequential decomposition mechanism was utilized to generate a bilayer SEI architecture.
Electrochemical performance was evaluated using micron-sized SiOₓ anodes and industrial-grade pouch cells.

Main Results:

The BE-TF electrolyte successfully generated a bilayer SEI with a LiF-rich inner layer and a Li₃PO₄-rich outer layer.
The engineered SEI effectively suppressed volume expansion and shielded particles from detrimental side reactions.
A micron-sized SiOₓ anode using BE-TF electrolyte demonstrated 88% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 1 A g⁻¹.
A 3.5 Ah NCM||Gr-micron-sized SiOₓ pouch cell maintained >81% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at a 3 C charging rate.

Conclusions:

The novel BE-TF electrolyte additive provides a cost-effective strategy for constructing a robust bilayer SEI for Si-based anodes.
This approach significantly enhances the cycle life and capacity retention of Si-based anodes, addressing key challenges in their application.
The developed electrolyte shows promise for long-term stability in industrial-grade battery cells, paving the way for advanced energy storage solutions.