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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

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The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Treatment of Ligament Constructs with Exercise-conditioned Serum: A Translational Tissue Engineering Model
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Lactylation Dynamics and Its Regulatory Roles in Orthopedic Pathologies: A Research Update.

Zhiqiang Xu1,2, Chengrui Peng1, Chenpeng Dong2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 56300, China.

Journal of Proteome Research
|October 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Lactylation, a protein modification from lactate, impacts musculoskeletal diseases like osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. This study reveals lactylation as a key regulator linking metabolism to tissue repair, offering new therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
intervertebral disc degenerationlactylationosteoarthritisosteoporosisspinal cord injury

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate protein function and cellular processes.
  • Lactylation, a PTM derived from lactate, modifies histones and nonhistone proteins.
  • The role of lactylation in musculoskeletal diseases is largely unexplored, unlike established PTMs like glycosylation and phosphorylation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize evidence on lactylation in four major orthopedic diseases: intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), osteoporosis (OP), osteoarthritis (OA), and spinal cord injury (SCI).
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which lactylation influences disease progression in these conditions.
  • To compare lactylation's regulatory role with classical PTMs and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and evidence synthesis.
  • Analysis of lactylation's role in cellular metabolism and extracellular matrix remodeling in IVDD and OA.
  • Investigation of lactylation's involvement in neuroimmune responses during SCI recovery.

Main Results:

  • Lactylation modulates disease progression in IVDD and OA by coordinating cellular metabolism with extracellular matrix remodeling.
  • Lactylation regulates neuroimmune responses critical for SCI recovery.
  • Lactylation acts as a molecular bridge linking metabolic reprogramming to pathological tissue remodeling, distinct from phosphorylation's role in signal transduction.

Conclusions:

  • Lactylation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of major musculoskeletal disorders.
  • Lactate, beyond being a metabolic byproduct, functions as a signaling molecule through lactylation.
  • Targeting lactylation presents a promising therapeutic avenue for inflammatory, degenerative, and regenerative musculoskeletal conditions.