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Risk Factors Associated With Venous Thromboembolism in Individuals With COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Jingjuan Huang1, Binjing Wu2, Zeyong Zhang1
1Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
This meta-analysis identifies key risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Factors like female sex, atelectasis, immobility, and mechanical ventilation significantly increase VTE risk in COPD.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research
- Clinical Epidemiology
Background:
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- A comprehensive understanding of VTE risk factors in COPD patients is lacking.
- Identifying these factors is crucial for effective prevention and management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis to comprehensively identify and analyze the risk factors for VTE in patients with COPD.
- To synthesize evidence from existing studies to provide a robust overview of VTE risk in this population.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase up to February 2025.
- Inclusion of case-control and cohort studies assessing VTE risk factors in COPD patients.
- Meta-analysis using pooled odds ratios (ORs) and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Main Results:
- Identified risk factors for VTE in COPD include: female sex, atelectasis, prolonged immobility, invasive mechanical ventilation, neoplasia, and chest pain.
- Lower PaO2, lower PaCO2, higher D-dimer levels, increasing age, and a history of venous thrombosis were significantly associated with VTE.
- Diabetes was not found to be a significant risk factor for VTE in COPD patients.
Conclusions:
- This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of established VTE risk factors in COPD patients.
- Healthcare professionals should be vigilant regarding these risk factors during the rehabilitation of COPD patients.
- Further research may refine our understanding and guide targeted preventative interventions.
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