Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Anatomical Positions01:11

Anatomical Positions

18.7K
In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
18.7K
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

1.0K
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
1.0K
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

464
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
464
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

279
Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
279
X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

9.8K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
9.8K
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

402
Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
402

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A minimally invasive, scalable and reproducible neonatal rat model of severe focal brain injury.

Brain communications·2026
Same author

The ongoing impact of COVID-19 on the clinical education of Australian medical radiation science students.

Journal of medical radiation sciences·2025
Same author

Toward a better understanding of how a gyrified brain develops.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2024
Same author

The cost of perfection: An investigation into the unnecessary rejection of clinically acceptable lateral wrist imaging.

Journal of medical radiation sciences·2023
Same author

Anti-Parasitic Activity of Cherry Tomato Peel Powders.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2021
Same journal

Navigating Acceptability: A Think-Aloud Study of Subjective and Contextual Factors in Radiographic Image Rejection.

Journal of medical radiation sciences·2026
Same journal

Continuing Professional Development-Radiation Therapy.

Journal of medical radiation sciences·2026
Same journal

Compliance With NICE Guidance for Cervical Spine Trauma Imaging: A Single Centre Retrospective Evaluation.

Journal of medical radiation sciences·2026
Same journal

A Model to Facilitate Resilience Among Diagnostic Radiography Students.

Journal of medical radiation sciences·2026
Same journal

Mapping the Landscape of Over-Scanning in CT Imaging: A Scoping Review.

Journal of medical radiation sciences·2026
Same journal

Prone Breast Radiotherapy on the MR-Linac: A Technical Note on Skin-Couch Contact Dose Effects.

Journal of medical radiation sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy
11:38

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy

Published on: July 3, 2014

47.4K

The Importance of Patient Positioning in Radiography When Utilising Automatic Exposure Control.

Adam Steward1,2, Cindy Do1,2, Tate Brazil1,3

  • 1Western Health, Footscray, Victoria, Australia.

Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences
|October 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate patient positioning is crucial when using automatic exposure control (AEC) in X-ray imaging. Even slight misalignments can significantly alter radiation dose and impact image quality, affecting patient safety.

Keywords:
Automatic Exposure Controldigital radiographydosegeneral radiographymedical imagingquality assurancetechnique

More Related Videos

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging
08:30

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

14.8K
Troubleshooting FoCUS Image Acquisition: Patient Positioning, Transducer Manipulation, and Image Optimization
06:50

Troubleshooting FoCUS Image Acquisition: Patient Positioning, Transducer Manipulation, and Image Optimization

Published on: March 3, 2023

2.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy
11:38

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy

Published on: July 3, 2014

47.4K
X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging
08:30

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

14.8K
Troubleshooting FoCUS Image Acquisition: Patient Positioning, Transducer Manipulation, and Image Optimization
06:50

Troubleshooting FoCUS Image Acquisition: Patient Positioning, Transducer Manipulation, and Image Optimization

Published on: March 3, 2023

2.1K

Area of Science:

  • Radiological Physics
  • Medical Imaging Technology
  • Diagnostic Radiology

Background:

  • Automatic Exposure Control (AEC) is a standard tool in radiography, optimizing exposure by terminating scans at a set threshold.
  • While beneficial for in-bucky imaging (chest, abdomen, pelvis, spine), AEC effectiveness relies on proper understanding and application.
  • Incorrect technique, particularly patient positioning, can negatively affect radiation dose and resultant image quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying patient positioning on radiation dose and image quality.
  • To assess these effects across common radiographic examinations: chest, abdomen, lumbar spine, and pelvis.
  • To quantify the sensitivity of AEC to positional errors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an anthropomorphic phantom with precise markings for off-centring (up to 5 cm in various directions).
  • Recorded tube current, air kerma (dose), and signal-to-noise ratio (image quality indicator) at each position.
  • Performed statistical analysis to determine significance of observed changes.

Main Results:

  • Significant dose variations were observed, with air-kerma changes ranging from substantial reductions (e.g., 76.07% in pelvis) to increases (e.g., 50.09% in chest).
  • Statistically significant dose changes (p < 0.05) occurred in 67.5% of recordings, often beyond 1-2 cm of off-centring.
  • Signal-to-noise ratio fluctuated significantly, with changes from -49.14% to +25.10%.

Conclusions:

  • Patient mis-positioning by just 1-2 cm can lead to statistically significant dose variations.
  • These dose and image quality alterations pose risks to patient radiation burden and diagnostic accuracy.
  • Emphasizes the critical need for meticulous radiographer technique and precise patient positioning for optimal AEC use.