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Designing Patient-Friendly Messages: Tutorial on Applying Human-Centered, Self-Determination Theory With AI
Ashley C Griffin1,2, Sarah J Javier1,3, Madeleine Golding1
1Center for Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, United States.
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|October 17, 2025
Summary
This study presents a human-centered design approach for patient messaging, integrating self-determination theory (SDT) and patient feedback to improve health behavior change and treatment uptake.
Area of Science:
- Health Communication
- Behavioral Science
- Human-Computer Interaction
Background:
- Patient messaging technologies are increasingly using artificial intelligence (AI).
- Effectiveness of these tools depends on theoretical grounding and user input.
- Self-determination theory (SDT) is a framework for health behavior change.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline a human-centered design approach for patient messaging content.
- To align messaging with SDT constructs (autonomy, competence, relatedness).
- To promote evidence-based treatments for chronic pain patients.
Main Methods:
- Developed messages using SDT and behavior change techniques.
- Employed rapid prototyping and iterative feedback from patient engagement boards.
- Synthesized feedback with SDT and human-centered AI principles.
Main Results:
- Identified strategies for patient-centered message development.
- Emphasized early engagement, diverse perspectives, and message tailoring.
- Highlighted the importance of human interaction in AI-guided messaging.
Conclusions:
- The proposed approach enhances patient messaging content and treatment uptake.
- Recommendations guide multidisciplinary teams in creating patient-centered health messages.
- Early patient engagement can mitigate AI concerns and improve health outcomes.
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