Mechanism and importance of ferroptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma treatment

Metabolic reprogramming is a common phenomenon that is observed in diverse cancer types. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is termed a metabolic disease due to its dysregulated lipid and glucose metabolism. Among kidney cancers, ccRCC is the most malignant form of cancer, defined by the large accumulation of lipid droplets. These lipid droplets, although they provide energy and induction of metastasis, also act as a buffer by preventing ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent type of regulated cell death, which is characterized by the accumulation of toxic lipid peroxides. Ferroptosis has emerged to play an important part in tumor progression and cancer therapy. Due to a lack of diagnostic markers and resistance towards therapy, ccRCC is a difficult cancer type to overcome. However, studies have shown the importance of ferroptosis in ccRCC treatment by targeting various pathways. This paper helps in understanding the mechanism of ferroptosis and the evidence observed in ccRCC. This paper aims to understand the current trend of ferroptosis in ccRCC and produce a potential therapy for ccRCC through ferroptosis.