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New potential morphologic features of the aorta associated with the occurrence of acute type B aortic dissection

Jianhua Zhang1,2, Zhenguo Wang1,2, Anxiaonan Zhang1,2

  • 1Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China.

Scientific Reports
|October 17, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Aortic dimensions like diameter, tortuosity, and angulation in the ascending aorta and aortic arch are linked to acute type B aortic dissection (aTBAD). These findings aid in developing a predictive model for aTBAD risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Radiology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Acute type B aortic dissection (aTBAD) is a life-threatening condition.
  • Identifying morphological predictors of aTBAD is crucial for early detection and intervention.
  • Existing risk stratification models for aortic diseases may not fully capture aTBAD-specific morphological changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific aortic morphological features associated with acute type B aortic dissection (aTBAD).
  • To develop and validate a risk prediction model for aTBAD based on these morphological features.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study comparing patients with aTBAD and age/sex-matched controls.
  • Detailed measurement of ascending aorta and aortic arch morphology using CT imaging.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors of aTBAD.

Main Results:

  • Significantly increased length and diameter of the ascending aorta and aortic arch in the aTBAD group.
  • Greater ascending aorta tortuosity and angulation, along with increased ascending aorta height and angle in the aTBAD group.
  • Distal left common carotid artery diameter, aortic arch height, and ascending aorta tortuosity were identified as significant predictors of aTBAD.

Conclusions:

  • Morphological characteristics of the ascending aorta and aortic arch are significantly associated with the occurrence of aTBAD.
  • The developed risk prediction model demonstrated good performance in identifying patients at risk for aTBAD.
  • These findings can inform clinical practice for aTBAD risk assessment and management.

Keywords:
Acute type B aortic dissectionComputed tomographic angiographyMorphological featureRisk prediction model

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