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Risk factors of COVID-19 breakthrough infection: a case-control test-negative design study

Gabriela Tejada-Panduro1,2, Laia Pinós-Tella3,4, Susana Otero-Romero1,2,5

  • 1Servei de Medicina Preventiva i Epidemiologia, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|October 17, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Keywords:
Breakthrough infectionCOVID-19Risk factorsVaccines

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