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Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries

Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries

Published on: March 31, 2021

Caries Control by CAPE Toothpaste: In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Situ Analysis.

Y F Wang^1,2, S S Dong^1,2, Y Chen^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Journal of Dental Research

|October 18, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) toothpaste effectively combats dental caries by inhibiting cariogenic bacteria and promoting enamel repair. This novel formulation shows promising results in reducing caries development and modulating oral microbiome balance.

Keywords:

Streptococcus mutans caffeic acid phenethyl ester clinical study dental plaque fluorides microbiota

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Microbiology
Dental Research

Background:

Dental caries is linked to microbiome dysbiosis.
Antimicrobial agents can boost fluoride toothpaste efficacy.
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), from propolis, inhibits cariogenic bacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

Formulate a novel CAPE-containing fluoridated toothpaste.
Evaluate its caries-controlling efficacy through a multistage system.

Main Methods:

In vitro antimicrobial assays (suspension, checkerboard microdilution) against Streptococcus mutans.
In vivo rat caries model assessing anticaries efficacy and biosafety.
In situ enamel repair and plaque microbiome modulation studies.

Main Results:

CAPE toothpaste demonstrated stable physicochemical properties.
Significant in vitro inhibition of S. mutans and additive antibacterial effects with fluoride.
In vivo reduction in caries severity and in situ enamel remineralization.
Oral microbiome analysis showed preserved diversity and reduced cariogenic bacteria.

Conclusions:

The novel CAPE-fluoridated toothpaste effectively inhibits caries onset and progression.
The formulation supports enamel repair and favorable microbiome modulation.
Further extensive clinical trials are warranted to confirm long-term efficacy.