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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

310
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
876

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Isolation and Identification of Vascular Endothelial Cells from Distinct Adipose Depots for Downstream Applications
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Social Isolation Is Associated With Peripheral Endothelial Dysfunction.

Jaskanwal Deep S Sara1, Negin Mahmoudi Hamidabad1, Nazanin Rajai1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings
|October 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Social isolation is linked to peripheral endothelial dysfunction (PED), a marker of early atherosclerosis. This association is particularly strong in women, suggesting a potential cardiovascular risk pathway.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Social Determinants of Health
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Social isolation is an emerging public health concern.
  • Peripheral endothelial dysfunction (PED) is an early indicator of atherosclerosis.
  • Understanding the link between social factors and vascular health is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between social isolation and PED.
  • To determine if social isolation is an independent risk factor for endothelial dysfunction.
  • To explore potential sex differences in this association.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional cohort study of 312 patients assessed for PED using reactive hyperemia-peripheral arterial tonometry.
  • Social isolation measured using the Social Network Index (SNI).
  • Binary logistic regression analysis adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral endothelial dysfunction (PED) was present in 29.5% of patients.
  • A significant inverse association was found between the Social Network Index (SNI) and PED (OR 0.73, P=.006).
  • Severely isolated women showed significantly lower reactive hyperemia index (RHI) values compared to less isolated women.

Conclusions:

  • Social isolation is independently associated with peripheral endothelial dysfunction (PED).
  • This suggests a potential mechanistic link between social isolation and increased cardiovascular risk.
  • The association appears particularly pronounced in women.