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A current produced due to the redox reactions of the analyte at the working and auxiliary electrodes is called a faradaic current. The reaction can be divided into two types. The current generated due to the reduction of the analyte is called cathodic current, and it carries a positive charge. In contrast, the current produced by analyte oxidation is known as an anodic current, and it has a negative charge. The applied potential at the working electrode determines the faradaic current flow, and...
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Li Atomic Diffusivity: A Key Descriptor for Critical Current Density and Cycling Stability in Alloy Anodes for

Guoyong Xue1,2, Jie Lu1,2, Zhe-Tao Sun3

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, in-situ Center for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Device Research Center (SEED) and Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.

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Alloy anodes improve lithium deposition in all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). High lithium diffusivity in LiGa anodes enables record critical current density (CCD) for stable ASSLB performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • Alloy anodes offer potential for dendrite-free all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs).
  • Current alloy anodes in ASSLBs have insufficient critical current density (CCD) for practical applications.
  • Factors governing CCD in alloy anodes for ASSLBs are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a model explaining critical current density (CCD) in alloy anodes for ASSLBs.
  • To identify key parameters controlling lithium deposition behavior and battery performance.
  • To optimize alloy anode design for enhanced ASSLB stability and efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed a diffusion-controlled lithium deposition model.
  • Utilized multimodal characterizations to analyze lithium atomic diffusivity.
  • Fabricated and tested ASSLBs with LiGa alloy anodes and Li6PS5Cl solid electrolytes.

Main Results:

  • Lithium atomic diffusivity in alloy anodes is identified as a key descriptor for CCD and cycling stability.
  • The LiGa alloy anode demonstrated a record-high CCD exceeding 50 mA cm⁻².
  • ASSLBs with LiGa anodes showed stable performance over 1000 cycles with 80% capacity retention.

Conclusions:

  • Lithium atomic diffusivity is a critical factor for controlling lithium deposition in alloy anodes.
  • The developed diffusion-controlled model provides a unified descriptor for ASSLB performance.
  • LiGa alloy anodes significantly advance the development of practical, high-performance ASSLBs.