Clinical and ethical considerations in nanotechnology-based dermatologic care

Nanodermatology is the application of nanotechnology specifically to dermatology. We discuss the pros and cons of translating these innovations into routine dermatology practice, as well as the unique safety challenges, regulatory issues, and ethical and equity concerns surrounding nanodermatology. Unlike other emerging technologies, nanodermatology involves transcutaneous exposure to engineered nanoparticles that may penetrate beyond the epidermis, persist in tissues, and accumulate systemically. These characteristics create distinct safety and ethical challenges, including invisible patient exposure, uncertain long-term toxicologic effects, and unequal regulatory oversight across countries. The specific ethical issues involve nonmaleficence, informed consent, privacy, autonomy, and justice.