Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
Published on: December 7, 2018
The Familial Co-Aggregation of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Criminal Convictions: A Register-Based
Sofi Oskarsson1, Ralf Kuja-Halkola2, Anneli Andersson1
1School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, Örebro Universitet, Örebro, Sweden.
Background:
The association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and criminality is well established, but little is known about the familial liability of ADHD and crime across different types of relatives, from twins to cousins. In this study, we aimed to clarify the association between ADHD and crime by examining their co-aggregation both in the general population and across a range of familial relationships in a nationwide population-based sample, including separate analyses for men and women.
Methods:
We analyzed data from 1,507,211 individuals born in Sweden between 1987 and 2002. Using Cox proportional hazard regressions, we estimated the associations between clinically diagnosed ADHD and official crime records in individuals and families.
Results:
Analyses showed that individuals with ADHD had a significantly higher risk of being convicted of any crime-violent or nonviolent-compared with individuals without ADHD, with the risk being significantly higher for women than men. Additionally, individuals with a relative diagnosed with ADHD were at increased risk of criminal convictions, with some sex-based variations.
Conclusions:
ADHD and criminal convictions co-aggregate within families, consistent with shared familial liability. Patterns across relatives and sexes suggest genetic contributions, with stronger associations in women. These findings may help inform risk assessment and prevention efforts.
More Related Videos
05:48The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
Published on: June 12, 2020
09:16Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers
Published on: March 14, 2018
Related Concept Videos
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Conduct Disorder
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Human Genetics
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Behavioral Characteristics and...
Autism Spectrum Disorder
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.