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Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

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Endoscopic Approach to Subtalar Instability.

Frederick Michels¹

¹MIFAS by GRECMIP (Minimally Invasive Foot and Ankle Society), Merignac, France; Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven campus Kortrijk, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; Department of Orthopaedcis, AZ Groeninge, President Kennedylaan 4, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.

Foot and Ankle Clinics

|October 18, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Subtalar instability, often from ankle sprains, involves multiple ligament injuries. Early diagnosis and surgical repair or reconstruction of these subtalar ligaments are key for restoring joint stability and function.

Keywords:

Anterior capsular ligament Calcaneofibular ligament Cervical ligament Instability Ligament reconstruction Subtalar joint

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Sports Medicine
Anatomy

Background:

Subtalar instability is a frequent complication following lateral ankle sprains.
It often involves injuries to the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) and anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL).
Intrinsic subtalar ligaments, like the cervical ligament, are crucial for stability but often overlooked.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the underrecognized role of intrinsic subtalar ligaments in joint stability.
To outline diagnostic approaches integrating clinical, imaging, and intraoperative findings.
To discuss surgical management strategies for subtalar instability.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical presentations and diagnostic modalities including MRI.
Intraoperative assessment for comprehensive evaluation of ligamentous injuries.
Analysis of surgical techniques: repair, augmented repair, and reconstruction (including endoscopic approaches).

Main Results:

Diagnosis requires a multimodal approach due to the subtle nature of intrinsic ligament injuries.
Surgical intervention should address all injured structures, particularly the CFL.
Various surgical options exist, with endoscopic techniques gaining prominence.

Conclusions:

Accurate diagnosis and anatomical restoration are vital for successful subtalar instability management.
Surgical repair or reconstruction, including intrinsic subtalar ligaments when necessary, ensures durable joint stabilization.
Endoscopic surgery offers a viable option for treating subtalar instability.