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Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Experimental Investigation of Secondary Flow Structures Downstream of a Model Type IV Stent Failure in a 180° Curved Artery Test Section
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Propagation-invariant spatiotemporal vortices.

Junyi Ye1, Zhiyuan Che1, Jiajun Wang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

Science Bulletin
|October 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers engineered wave systems to create stable, propagation-invariant spatiotemporal vortex beams. These beams maintain their structure and topological charges, overcoming diffraction limits for advanced optical applications.

Keywords:
Liquid surface wavesPropagation-invariantSpatiotemporal couplingSpatiotemporal vortices

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Area of Science:

  • Wave physics
  • Quantum optics
  • Nonlinear optics

Background:

  • Diffraction limits wave packet propagation, especially for spatiotemporal vortex beams.
  • Spatiotemporal coupling engineering allows for diffraction-free propagation but struggles with stable vortex structures.
  • Regular wave dispersion poses challenges for maintaining vortex integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome diffraction limitations for spatiotemporal vortex beams.
  • To achieve stable vortex propagation and maintain topological charges.
  • To experimentally demonstrate propagation-invariant spatiotemporal vortex beams.

Main Methods:

  • Tailoring the wave system's dispersion properties.
  • Engineering spatiotemporal coupling effects.
  • Experimental demonstration of the proposed wave packets.

Main Results:

  • Achieved propagation-invariant spatiotemporal vortex beams.
  • Maintained spatiotemporal profiles and topological charges over extended distances.
  • Demonstrated stable vortex structures without splitting or deformation.

Conclusions:

  • Successfully overcame diffraction limits for spatiotemporal vortex beams.
  • Provided critical insights into spatiotemporal vortex dynamics.
  • Unlocked new possibilities for applications in optics, acoustics, and beyond.