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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

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Precision CP Symmetry Test and Polarization Analysis in Σ^{+} Decays.

M Ablikim¹, M N Achasov², P Adlarson³

¹Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.

Physical Review Letters

|October 19, 2025

Summary

This study tested charge-parity (CP) symmetry in hyperon decays using BESIII data. Results show CP conservation in Sigma decays, providing precise measurements and new insights into baryon structure.

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Area of Science:

Particle Physics
High Energy Physics
Quantum Chromodynamics

Background:

Testing charge-parity (CP) symmetry is crucial for understanding fundamental physics.
Hyperon decays offer a sensitive probe for CP violation.
Previous studies lacked precision in hyperon decay measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

To perform a stringent test of CP symmetry in hyperon decays.
To precisely measure CP asymmetry and decay parameters in Sigma decays.
To analyze hyperon polarization for insights into SU(3) symmetry breaking.

Main Methods:

Utilized a large dataset of J/ψ and ψ(3686) events from the BESIII experiment.
Analyzed two-body nonleptonic weak decays Σ⁺→pπ⁰ and Σ⁻→p̄π⁰.
Performed a model-independent analysis of hyperon polarization.

Main Results:

Measured the CP asymmetry A_CP = -0.0118 ± 0.0083(stat) ± 0.0028(syst), consistent with CP conservation.
Obtained the most precise measurement of the average decay parameter ⟨α₀⟩ = -0.9869 ± 0.0011(stat) ± 0.0016(syst) in the baryon sector.
Observed a clear sign reversal in hyperon polarization, providing new insights into SU(3) symmetry breaking.

Conclusions:

The results provide the most stringent constraints on CP violation in Sigma decays to date.
The findings establish a benchmark for future precision studies in particle physics.
The polarization analysis offers new insights into baryon internal structure and symmetry breaking.