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Surface Wave Electron Acceleration from Flat Foils at Parallel Laser Incidence.

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  • 1Queens University Belfast, Centre for Light-Matter Interactions, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom.

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High-intensity lasers accelerate electrons using surface plasma waves (SPWs). Experiments show collimated electron beams with superponderomotive energies, while simulations reveal J×B force injection and contaminant effects on SPW dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Laser-Plasma Interactions
  • Particle Acceleration

Background:

  • Surface plasma waves (SPWs) are crucial for laser-driven particle acceleration.
  • Understanding electron acceleration mechanisms is key to advancing compact accelerators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate electron acceleration by SPWs using intense laser pulses.
  • Characterize the generated electron beams and explore acceleration mechanisms.
  • Examine the influence of surface conditions on SPW dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation of laser-foil interactions at ∼6×10^20 W cm^-2 intensity.
  • Generation and characterization of collimated electron beams using ultrashort, linearly polarized laser pulses.
  • Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations to identify acceleration mechanisms and analyze SPW behavior.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated generation of a collimated electron beam (<0.6 mrad) with non-Maxwellian spectrum.
  • Observed electron beam peaks at superponderomotive energies (30-36 MeV) with ~120 pC charge.
  • PIC simulations identified J×B force as the primary electron injection mechanism into SPWs.

Conclusions:

  • The J×B force at the foil's front edge is the main mechanism for injecting electrons into SPWs for acceleration.
  • Lateral surface contaminants significantly influence SPW dynamics and can generate long-ranging plasmonic modes.
  • This study provides insights into laser-driven electron acceleration and SPW physics.