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Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Zinc-Sponge Battery Electrodes that Suppress Dendrites

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Published on: September 29, 2020

Engineering a Charge-Neutral Solvation Sheath for Stable Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Tian Zhang¹, Yiyi Zheng², Jiapei Li¹

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|October 19, 2025

Summary

A novel charge-neutral solvation sheath strategy enhances zinc anodes in aqueous batteries by suppressing dendrites and improving stability. This breakthrough offers a path to safer, long-lasting, and cost-effective energy storage solutions.

Keywords:

dendrite dipole moment hydrogen evolution solvation sheath zinc anode

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Published on: April 17, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) offer safety and cost benefits but face challenges with zinc anode dendrite formation and hydrogen evolution.
High-concentration electrolytes improve AZIB performance but increase viscosity and cost.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a charge-neutral solvation sheath (CNSS) strategy for enhancing zinc anode performance in AZIBs.
To mitigate dendrite formation and improve cycling stability under moderately concentrated electrolyte conditions.

Main Methods:

Investigated the evolving solvation structure of Zn²⁺ ions with introduced anions.
Analyzed the impact of the CNSS on water molecule reactivity and polarization.
Evaluated the electrochemical performance of zinc anodes and Zn||I₂ batteries with the optimized electrolyte.

Main Results:

The CNSS strategy effectively regulated solvated water molecule reactivity, suppressing water decomposition and by-product formation.
Enhanced cycling stability of the zinc anode under moderately concentrated conditions was achieved.
Zn||I₂ batteries demonstrated exceptional long-term durability, maintaining stable performance over 5000 cycles at 10 C.

Conclusions:

The CNSS strategy provides a novel approach to designing high-performance electrolytes for AZIBs.
This method enhances zinc anode stability and battery longevity, paving the way for cost-effective energy storage.
Offers new insights for developing advanced electrolytes for large-scale energy storage applications.