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Utility and Safety of Artificial Intelligence for Patient-Initiated Contact After Functional Rhinoplasty
W Jack Palmer1, Dana Michlin1, Leonard Estephan1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA.
OTO Open
|October 20, 2025
Summary
Patient calls after functional rhinoplasty are frequent, often manageable with reassurance. AI chatbots, particularly ChatGPT, offer accurate and safe responses, potentially improving patient satisfaction and reducing clinician workload.
Area of Science:
- Plastic Surgery
- Artificial Intelligence
- Medical Informatics
Background:
- Post-functional rhinoplasty patients frequently contact healthcare providers with concerns.
- Understanding the nature of these calls is crucial for optimizing patient care and resource allocation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the content of patient inquiries following functional rhinoplasty.
- To assess the accuracy, intelligibility, and safety of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot responses to these inquiries.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective review of patient calls and messages after functional rhinoplasty (2017-2023).
- Generation of 48 representative prompts, including 'Red Flag Questions' for potential complications.
- Evaluation of four AI chatbots (ChatGPT, Claude, Perplexity, Gemini) by blinded experts using quality scales and readability metrics (Flesch-Kincaid).
Main Results:
- ChatGPT demonstrated superior performance, providing "Good" or "Excellent" responses in 98% of cases, significantly outperforming other chatbots.
- Expert reviewers unanimously approved ChatGPT responses 96% of the time, including 100% for critical 'Red Flag Questions'.
- While ChatGPT's responses were highly accurate and safe, Perplexity offered better readability (FK 13.2) compared to ChatGPT (FK 16.8).
Conclusions:
- AI chatbots, especially ChatGPT, can provide reliable and safe responses to common patient concerns after functional rhinoplasty.
- The use of AI chatbots may enhance patient satisfaction and alleviate healthcare provider workload without compromising safety.
- Future AI development should prioritize improving the readability of chatbot responses for broader patient comprehension.
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