The Supratrochlear Artery: Anatomy, Variations, and Clinical Relevance in Aesthetic Surgery

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Vascular Surgery
• Aesthetic Medicine

Background:

• The supratrochlear artery (STA), a branch of the ophthalmic artery, supplies the central upper face.
• Its anatomical variations and connections to the ophthalmic circulation are clinically significant.
• The STA is relevant in reconstructive surgery and aesthetic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the anatomy of the supratrochlear artery.
• To explore its role in reconstructive surgery and aesthetic medicine.
• To highlight the clinical importance of STA variations and anastomoses.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search of the PubMed database.
• Review of cadaveric dissections, Doppler ultrasonography, and angiographic studies.
• Analysis of case series on surgical reconstructions and aesthetic procedures.

Main Results:

• Significant variability in STA course, branching, diameter, and depth was observed.
• Clinically important intracranial-extracranial anastomoses with other facial arteries exist.
• The STA is crucial for reconstructive surgery but poses risks in aesthetic procedures due to potential intravascular injection and vision loss.

Conclusions:

• A thorough understanding of supratrochlear artery anatomy is essential for safe surgical and aesthetic practices.
• Modern imaging combined with dissection data improves preoperative planning and reduces complications.
• The STA is a valuable surgical asset but requires careful consideration in aesthetic medicine to mitigate risks.