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Label-free multiphoton microscopy of human skin: longitudinal studies capturing cell dynamics
Alexander Vallmitjana1, Amanda Durkin1, Alexander Dvornikov1
1Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvin, CA 92617, USA.
Biomedical Optics Express
|October 20, 2025
Summary
This study introduces the Fast Large Area Multiphoton Exoscope (FLAME) for advanced clinical skin imaging. FLAME enables long-term, cellular-scale tracking of skin dynamics in vivo, improving dermatological research and patient monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Dermatological research
- Biomedical imaging
- Optical microscopy
Background:
- Current limitations in clinical skin imaging hinder detailed cellular analysis over large areas.
- Longitudinal tracking of cellular dynamics in human skin in vivo is challenging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present advances in the Fast Large Area Multiphoton Exoscope (FLAME) for clinical skin imaging.
- To enable high-resolution, large-area, longitudinal imaging of skin in vivo.
- To facilitate detailed tracking of cellular dynamics and responses in dermatological research.
Main Methods:
- Development and application of the Fast Large Area Multiphoton Exoscope (FLAME).
- Utilizing dual-scanning modality for reliable, repeated imaging of the same skin locations.
- Employing fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy for in vivo cellular analysis.
Main Results:
- FLAME provides cellular-scale imaging over areas up to 1 cm².
- The device enables reliable, longitudinal tracking of cellular dynamics in human skin.
- Demonstrated in vivo tracking of cellular responses to injury.
Conclusions:
- FLAME overcomes limitations in large-area, high-resolution skin imaging.
- This advanced imaging platform significantly enhances dermatological research capabilities.
- FLAME offers new opportunities for monitoring therapy responses and understanding skin biology.

