Prognostic evaluation of ischemic stroke complicated by pulmonary infection using SII and CALLY indices

To evaluate the prognostic value of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the CRP-Albumin-Lymphocyte (CALLY) index in ischemic stroke (IS) patients complicated by pulmonary infection (PI).

We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 122 IS patients with PI (observation group) and 100 IS patients without PI (control group) at the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, from April 2022 to September 2024. All patients in the observation group were followed up for 6 months. Prognosis was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS).

The observation group had higher platelet, neutrophil, C-reactive protein, and SII levels, and lower lymphocyte, albumin, and CALLY levels compared to the control group (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis identified these indices as independent predictors of prognosis (all P<0.05). Patients with poor prognosis exhibited elevated SII and reduced CALLY levels (both P<0.05). SII was positively correlated with mRS (r=0.885), while CALLY was negatively correlated (r=-0.834) (P<0.001). The area under the curve for predicting poor prognosis was 0.831 for SII, 0.877 for CALLY, and 0.905 for the combined indices.

SII and CALLY indices are valuable for predicting the prognosis of IS with PI, and their combined use enhances predictive accuracy.