Facial Pain as the Initial Presentation of Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology
• Radiology

Background:

• Spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare and aggressive tumor, particularly in adults.
• Persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) can mask underlying malignancies, leading to diagnostic delays.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight a challenging case of adult rhabdomyosarcoma presenting as persistent facial pain.
• To emphasize the importance of advanced imaging and interdisciplinary collaboration in diagnosing rare cancers.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 35-year-old male with a 4-year history of PIFP.
• Utilized advanced imaging to identify an infratemporal fossa tumor.
• Histological examination confirmed rhabdomyosarcoma.

Main Results:

• The tumor was ultimately diagnosed as rhabdomyosarcoma after initial misdiagnosis.
• The tumor's location rendered surgical removal unfeasible.
• Despite chemotherapy, the patient's condition progressed, leading to a fatal outcome.

Conclusions:

• Rhabdomyosarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent head and neck pain, especially when conventional methods fail.
• Prompt advanced imaging and a multidisciplinary approach are vital for early detection and improved outcomes in uncommon cancer presentations.