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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...

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Advances in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Expressing Natural Killer Cells

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CAR NK cell therapy for solid tumors: potential and challenges.

Yanlin Yu¹, Mitchell Ho¹

¹Antibody Engineering Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.

Antibody Therapeutics

|October 20, 2025

Summary

CAR natural killer (NK) cells offer a safer, more versatile alternative to CAR-T cells for solid tumors. This review explores strategies to overcome challenges and advance CAR NK cell therapy for broader cancer treatment applications.

Keywords:

CAR NK cell therapy cancer treatment natural killer (NK) cell solid tumor

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Flow Cytometry-based Assay for the Monitoring of NK Cell Functions

Flow Cytometry-based Assay for the Monitoring of NK Cell Functions

Published on: October 30, 2016

Area of Science:

Immunotherapy
Oncology
Cellular Therapy

Background:

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy shows promise but faces limitations in treating solid tumors due to side effects and efficacy.
CAR-T cells are autologous, requiring patient-specific manufacturing and leading to potential toxicities.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the therapeutic strategies, advantages, and limitations of CAR natural killer (NK) cells for solid tumor treatment.
To explore potential solutions and future directions for optimizing CAR NK cell therapy.
To discuss the integration of CAR NK cells into standard cancer treatment regimens.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature review of CAR NK cell therapy research.
Analysis of CAR NK cell structure, safety profiles, and cytotoxic activity.
Evaluation of clinical utility challenges and integration strategies.

Main Results:

CAR NK cells, derived from various sources, present a more favorable safety profile compared to CAR-T cells.
CAR NK cells offer enhanced cytotoxic activity, off-the-shelf availability, and broad tumor targeting capabilities.
Several challenges remain in CAR NK cell development and clinical implementation for solid tumors.

Conclusions:

CAR NK cells represent a promising next-generation immunotherapy for solid tumors, offering potential advantages over CAR-T cells.
Overcoming current obstacles in CAR NK cell therapy is crucial for its successful clinical translation.
Further research into optimizing CAR NK cell design and integration is essential for advancing cancer treatment.