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Pulsed light treatment of pesticides induces high compound degradation and toxicity decrease.

François Clavero1, Jérôme Cachot2, Christelle Clérandeau2

  • 1Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR 1366, ŒNO, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, F-33140, France; SANODEV, Limoges, F-87000, France.

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
|October 20, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pulsed light (PL) technology effectively degrades 18 common viticulture pesticides, significantly reducing concentrations and acute aquatic toxicity. This process also breaks down pesticide byproducts, offering a promising environmental solution.

Keywords:
AlgaeBacteriaFishHPLC-MS/MS, photoproducts, ecotoxicityPhytosanitary products

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Photochemistry
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Pesticide contamination in viticulture poses risks to ecosystems.
  • Pulsed light (PL) is an emerging technology for organic compound degradation.
  • Evaluating PL's efficacy on pesticide mixtures is crucial for environmental safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the chemical and ecotoxicological impact of pulsed light on 18 common viticulture pesticides.
  • To quantify pesticide degradation and identify byproducts formed during PL treatment.
  • To evaluate the reduction in acute toxicity to aquatic organisms.

Main Methods:

  • High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) for pesticide and byproduct analysis.
  • Pulsed light treatment applied to pesticide mixtures at a specific energy dose and duration.
  • Ecotoxicological assays using Aliivibrio fischeri (bacteria), Raphidocelis subcapitata (microalgae), and Oryzias latipes (fish).

Main Results:

  • PL reduced 18 pesticides from 304-561 µg/L to <30 µg/L, with 10 below detection limits.
  • Dimethomorph showed the least degradation (93.5% reduction), and 42 degradation products were identified.
  • PL treatment significantly reduced acute toxicity: 2-fold for bacteria, 24-fold for microalgae, and from 100% to 6.6% mortality for fish.
  • Sublethal effects (skeletal deformities) were observed in fish, indicating potential risks from residual compounds.

Conclusions:

  • Pulsed light is a highly effective technology for degrading a wide range of viticulture pesticides.
  • PL treatment substantially reduces the acute toxicity of pesticide mixtures to aquatic ecosystems.
  • Further research is needed to address potential sublethal effects and optimize PL for complete detoxification.