Advances in research on the anti-breast cancer mechanisms of bioactive polysaccharides

Breast cancer poses a significant threat to women's health as one of the primary malignant tumors. It is a cancer that occurs in breast tissue. Surgical treatment and drug-assisted treatment can cause multiple side effects in human body in clinical application, while bioactive polysaccharides have basically no side effects on human body, so polysaccharides are the hotspot in the field of anti-tumor drug research at present. In this paper, we reviewed dozens of bioactive polysaccharides with obvious anti-breast cancer effects discovered in the last decade, and summarized their anti-breast cancer effects and mechanisms, which involve induction of apoptosis, inhibition of metastasis and invasion, and Regulating the immune system, and conduct a preliminary discussion on the relationship between the structure of polysaccharides and their anti-breast cancer activity. This paper also incorporates a categorization of the molecular typing of breast cancer cells on which the bioactive polysaccharides act, and the challenges and development direction of polysaccharide active ingredients in the treatment of breast cancer are also prospected.