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When a fluid encounters a solid surface, a boundary layer forms due to the interaction between the fluid's motion and the stationary surface. This phenomenon is characterized by a thin region adjacent to the surface where viscous forces dominate, influencing the fluid's velocity profile. The development of the boundary layer begins at the leading edge of the surface and evolves as the fluid moves downstream.As the fluid flows over the surface, friction between the fluid and the wall slows down...
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Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
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Long-range moiré tuning effect via inter-layer drag interaction.

Lijun Zhu1,2,3, Xiaoqiang Liu1,2,3, Xinyi Wan1,2,3

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

Nature Communications
|October 20, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel remote moiré engineering technique using inter-layer drag interaction. This method allows tuning electronic properties of two-dimensional materials even at a distance from the moiré superlattice.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanoscience

Background:

  • Moiré superlattices in 2D van der Waals materials offer tunable electronic properties.
  • Traditional moiré potential is confined to the interface, limiting its range of influence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a new strategy for extending moiré tuning effects beyond the superlattice interface.
  • To investigate inter-layer drag phenomena as a mechanism for remote moiré engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a unique electronic double-layer structure with a graphene moiré superlattice and a pristine graphene layer.
  • Measurement of inter-layer drag voltage in the pristine graphene layer.
  • Analysis of drag signals under varying conditions, including magnetic fields.

Main Results:

  • Observed distinct inter-layer drag behaviors governed by moiré physics.
  • Demonstrated clear moiré tuning effects on drag signals in the pristine graphene layer, distant from the moiré.
  • Identified self-similar mapping spectra and Hofstadter's butterfly spectra in drag resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Established a novel paradigm for remote moiré engineering via inter-layer drag interaction.
  • Showcased the potential to explore moiré physics in 2D systems through dynamic inter-layer coupling.
  • Opened new avenues for manipulating and understanding electronic properties in layered materials.