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Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated...
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Active matter under cyclic stretch: Modeling microtubule alignment and bundling.

Takumi Tagaki1, Seiya Nishikawa1, Shuji Ishihara1,2

  • 1The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.

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We modeled self-propelled particles under cyclic stretching, replicating microtubule patterns seen in experiments. This work offers new ways to control active matter systems using substrate deformation.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Microtubule (MT) motility assays exhibit characteristic pattern dynamics under uniaxial cyclic substrate stretching.
  • Understanding the behavior of self-propelled particles is crucial in active matter research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the behavior of self-propelled particles subjected to cyclic stretching.
  • To develop a model that reproduces experimentally observed microtubule patterns.
  • To explore collective responses of active matter to substrate deformations.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a self-propelled particle model.
  • Incorporation of elastic energy due to substrate deformation into the model.
  • Simulation of particle behavior under cyclic stretching.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully reproduced experimentally observed microtubule (MT) patterns.
  • The model demonstrated the influence of elastic energy on particle behavior.
  • The framework allows for systematic exploration of collective responses.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model accurately captures MT pattern dynamics under cyclic stretching.
  • The model provides a general framework for studying active matter systems.
  • Potential applications exist for manipulating MT patterns and other active matter systems.