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Pore structure design via modified phase inversion strategy toward high-performance hard carbon anode.

Zi Li1,2, Xiaojie Wang1, Xuewen Yu2

  • 1School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|October 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers engineered hard carbon (HC) anodes using a novel phase inversion method. This strategy enhances ion accessibility and framework stability, leading to superior performance in sodium-ion batteries and capacitors.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Pore structure engineering is crucial for high-performance hard carbon (HC) anodes in energy storage devices.
  • Current methods for controlling pore structure in HC materials are often limited and challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel strategy for precise pore structure engineering in hard carbon anodes.
  • To investigate the impact of controlled pore architecture on electrochemical performance.

Main Methods:

  • A phase inversion-based strategy was employed using polyacrylonitrile and sodium lignosulfonate.
  • Controlled carbonization was used to regulate pore size distribution and wall chemistry.
  • Electrochemical performance was evaluated in half-cells and sodium-ion capacitors.

Main Results:

  • The engineered HC anode exhibited a high reversible capacity of 305 mAh g-1 at 0.1C.
  • Excellent capacity retention of 68% was achieved at a high rate of 2C.
  • The material demonstrated outstanding performance in sodium-ion capacitors.

Conclusions:

  • The phase inversion strategy effectively regulates pore structure and wall chemistry in HC anodes.
  • Enhanced ion accessibility and robust frameworks contribute to superior electrochemical performance.
  • This work offers a new design pathway for developing advanced hard carbon materials for energy storage.