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The Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Interoceptive Accuracy and Sensitivity: A Systematic Review and
Mengmeng Fan1, Zhaoguo Liu2, Anpei Wei1
1Psychiatric Rehabilitation Department,Wuxi Mental Health Center,Wannan Medical College Graduate Training Unit, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
|October 21, 2025
Summary
Schizophrenia patients exhibit impaired interoception, showing significantly lower accuracy and sensitivity in perceiving internal body signals compared to healthy individuals. This meta-analysis confirms deficits in interoceptive function in schizophrenia.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
Background:
- Interoception, the perception of internal bodily signals, is crucial for homeostasis and mental health.
- Schizophrenia is associated with altered interoceptive processing, but empirical findings are inconsistent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the accuracy and sensitivity of interoception in individuals with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted.
- Data from six studies, involving 190 patients with schizophrenia and 399 healthy controls, were analyzed using Rev Man 5.4 software.
- Meta-analysis was employed to assess differences in interoceptive accuracy and sensitivity.
Main Results:
- A statistically significant difference was found in interoceptive accuracy (SMD=-0.54) and sensitivity (SMD=0.19) between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls.
- Schizophrenia patients demonstrated lower interoceptive accuracy and sensitivity.
- Heterogeneity was noted for both measures (I²=78% for accuracy, I²=75% for sensitivity).
Conclusions:
- Patients with schizophrenia exhibit significantly impaired interoceptive accuracy and sensitivity compared to healthy individuals.
- These findings highlight a core deficit in interoceptive function in schizophrenia, potentially contributing to disease progression and symptoms.
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