Emerging photothermal agents combined with immunotherapy for cancer treatment
Tian Xu1, Xueping Yang1, Xinyu Chen1
1Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China.
Background:
Immunophotothermal therapy (IPTT), combining immune checkpoint inhibitors and photothermal therapy, represents a promising synergistic anticancer strategy that enhances tumour-specific immunity alongside localised thermal ablation.
Aim:
This review aims to summarise and critically analyse recent advancements in the development of photothermal agents for IPTT and their synergistic applications with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Methods:
We focus specifically on the progress in innovative photothermal agent materials, the underlying mechanisms of immunophotothermal synergy, and the resulting antitumor efficacy evidenced by preclinical and clinical findings.
Conclusions:
Furthermore, the key challenges hindering clinical translation and potential future directions are discussed. This comprehensive analysis highlights the current state and prospects of IPTT as an effective multimodal cancer treatment paradigm.
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