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Longitudinal acoustic spin and global spin-orbit interaction in vortex beams.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Wave Physics
  • Angular Momentum

Background:

  • Spin and orbital angular momenta (AM) are crucial in physics, but acoustic waves, typically longitudinal, are considered spin-0.
  • While acoustic spin AM density exists, the total longitudinal spin AM often vanishes, limiting understanding of acoustic AM properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically establish the spin, orbital, and total AM of acoustic vortex beams.
  • To discover and analyze the non-zero integral longitudinal spin AM in acoustic fields.
  • To explore new spin-orbit interaction mechanisms and AM conservation laws in acoustics.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a self-consistent theoretical framework for acoustic angular momentum.
  • Analysis of acoustic vortex beams under compression and expansion.
  • Investigation of acoustic canonical-Minkowski and kinetic-Abraham AM.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that acoustic vortex beams carry a non-zero integral longitudinal spin AM.
  • Unveiled a novel spin-orbit interaction mechanism during vortex beam compression/expansion.
  • Clarified the conservation properties of acoustic canonical-Minkowski AM versus kinetic-Abraham AM.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates fundamental aspects of spin and orbital AM in acoustics.
  • Findings reveal new insights into acoustic spin-orbit interactions and AM conservation.
  • The results offer potential for new AM-based applications in acoustics and other classical wave systems.