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Experts' attitudes towards 'targeted autopsies' using qualitative interviews in a medical network in Germany
Ulrich Kaiser1, Katja Evert2, Ursula Vehling-Kaiser3
1Clinic and Polyclinic for Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Bavaria, Germany ulrich.kaiser@ukr.de.
Objectives:
The behaviour of tumour metastases and the different responses to therapies are still not fully understood. The project 'targeted autopsies' of the Universities of Regensburg and Erlangen aimed to further uncover the metastatic behaviour of malignant tumours by scientifically processing different tumour samples. To initiate such a programme, the concerns of all possible stakeholders must be analysed so that the programme can be set up accordingly and the highest possible level of approval can be achieved.
Design:
This study investigated the basic attitude toward a targeted autopsy programme for patients with tumours and possible criteria for such a programme using qualitative interviews. Focus group discussions were held to explore the opinions and views regarding ethical aspects of various professional groups (experts) involved in this project. An interview guideline was prepared beforehand by the supervising project group. Semistructured interviews were conducted, transcribed and analysed through qualitative content analysis according to Mayring.
Setting:
University of Regensburg, Germany and cooperating medical partners.
Results:
Altogether, 15 experts were interviewed. The experts described the project as interesting and feasible. They assumed a sufficient participation rate in this autopsy programme from the population; however, they recommend giving importance to providing sufficient and professional education to all persons involved. Preserving the dignity of the donor and providing appropriate care for relatives is of great importance. Good organisation is considered imperative for the success of the project.
Conclusion:
Generally, experts favour the implementation of a targeted autopsy programme. However, some hurdles must be overcome. Challenges similar to those in general or rapid autopsy and organ donation programmes exist, such as donor recruitment, staffing shortages and financial constraints. People involved must be well informed before the project.
Insights
Experts support a targeted autopsy program for studying tumor metastasis. Key considerations include donor dignity, family care, and comprehensive education for all involved to ensure program success and public approval.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Medical Ethics
Background:
- Tumor metastasis and therapeutic responses remain incompletely understood.
- A 'targeted autopsy' project was initiated to scientifically analyze diverse malignant tumor samples.
- Understanding stakeholder concerns is crucial for program implementation and approval.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate expert attitudes towards a targeted autopsy program for cancer patients.
- To identify potential criteria for establishing such a program.
- To explore ethical considerations among involved professional groups.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative interviews and focus group discussions with 15 experts.
- Utilized a semi-structured interview guideline.
- Employed qualitative content analysis (Mayring) for transcribed data.
Main Results:
- Experts found the targeted autopsy project feasible and interesting.
- Anticipated sufficient public participation, emphasizing donor dignity and family support.
- Highlighted the need for thorough education and robust organization.
Conclusions:
- Experts generally favor implementing targeted autopsy programs.
- Acknowledged challenges including donor recruitment, staffing, and funding.
- Stressed the importance of pre-project information for all stakeholders.
