Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Oximes and Nitro Compounds01:29

Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Oximes and Nitro Compounds

4.6K
Oximes can be reduced to primary amines using catalytic hydrogenation, hydride reduction, or sodium metal reduction. The reduction of aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds to primary amines takes place by either catalytic hydrogenation or by using active metals like Fe, Zn, and Sn in the presence of an acid.
Though catalytic hydrogenation can reduce nitrobenzenes, the reduction is nonselective in the presence of other functional groups. For instance, if nitrobenzene contains an aldehyde group,...
4.6K
2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

5.3K
Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
5.3K
Preparation of Amines: Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones01:38

Preparation of Amines: Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones

3.7K
Carbonyl compounds and primary amines undergo reductive amination first to produce imines, followed by secondary amines in the same reaction mixture, using selective reducing agents like sodium cyanoborohydride or sodium triacetoxyborohydride. Reductive amination produces different degrees of substitution of amines depending on the starting amine substrate.
3.7K
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation

457
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
457
Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Amides and Nitriles01:13

Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Amides and Nitriles

3.0K
Nitriles can be reduced to primary amines using reducing agents like lithium aluminum hydride or catalytic hydrogenation. The reduction introduces an amino group with an extra carbon in the skeleton. Nitriles are formed from the reaction between alkyl halides and sodium cyanide through the SN2 mechanism. Primary alkyl halides are the preferred substrates to prepare nitriles.
Amides can be reduced to primary, secondary, and tertiary amines using catalytic hydrogenation, active metals like Fe,...
3.0K
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

11.0K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
11.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Vision-Based Sensing Framework for PPE Detection and Safety Harness Compliance Recognition in High-Formwork Construction Environments Using YOLO-ILB.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Targeted co-delivery of curcumin and TRAIL via engineered extracellular vesicles: a synergistic therapy against resistant cancers.

Drug delivery and translational research·2026
Same author

StLecRK. IX and StLRPK1 form a complex with StBAK1 to positively regulate potato late blight resistance.

Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology·2026
Same author

Comparative study on typical heavy metal immobilization in cement-based and alkali-activated backfill materials.

Environmental research·2026
Same author

Constructing Mo-O-Ni anchoring bonds by room temperature solid-state reduction to drive hydrogen spillover for saturated hydrogenation of naphthalene.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

Recovery strategy of platinum group metal ruthenium (Ru) from spent SiC catalyst: Combined process of oxidation roasting and Fe smelting capture.

Waste management (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
09:50

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery

Published on: January 22, 2015

13.2K

Enhanced nitrate removal from aqueous solutions using amine-functionalized biowaste-derived adsorbent.

Tiantian Li1, Lang Liu2,3, Meng Li1,4

  • 1College of Energy Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China.

Scientific Reports
|October 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created a novel bio-adsorbent from waste materials to remove nitrate ions from water. This sustainable solution effectively reduced nitrate levels, offering a promising approach to combat water pollution.

Keywords:
Amine functionalizationBiobased adsorbentElectrostatic interactionsNitrate removal

More Related Videos

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis
10:44

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Published on: February 12, 2019

10.4K
Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent
11:14

Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent

Published on: February 21, 2017

12.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
09:50

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery

Published on: January 22, 2015

13.2K
Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis
10:44

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Published on: February 12, 2019

10.4K
Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent
11:14

Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent

Published on: February 21, 2017

12.8K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Nitrate ions are essential plant nutrients but cause eutrophication when polluting water bodies.
  • Effective and sustainable methods for nitrate removal from water are crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a bio-based adsorbent for efficient nitrate removal.
  • To investigate the adsorption mechanism and capacity of the functionalized bio-adsorbent.

Main Methods:

  • Biowaste materials were functionalized with amine groups via the Mannich reaction.
  • Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and elemental analysis confirmed modification.
  • Batch adsorption experiments were performed to optimize contact time, pH, and initial nitrate concentration.

Main Results:

  • The amine-functionalized bio-adsorbent demonstrated significantly enhanced nitrate removal capacity.
  • A maximum adsorption capacity of 65.79 mg g-1 was achieved.
  • Electrostatic interactions were identified as the primary mechanism for nitrate sorption.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bio-adsorbent offers a sustainable and effective solution for removing nitrate from contaminated water.
  • Amine functionalization via the Mannich reaction improves the adsorbent's performance.
  • This approach presents a promising strategy for mitigating water eutrophication caused by nitrate pollution.