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Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Author Spotlight: Improving Beef Cattle Nutrition and Production with a Focus on Feed Efficiency and Meat Quality Traits Through Advanced Biochemical and Molecular Assays
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miRNA‒microbiome correlations in Bos indicus feed efficiency.

Priscila S N de Oliveira1, Bruno G N Andrade2, Tainã F Cardoso3

  • 1Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.

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|October 21, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fecal microRNAs and bacterial composition in cattle are linked to feed efficiency. Specific microRNAs correlate with gut bacteria, suggesting host-microbe interactions influence cattle metabolism and traits.

Keywords:
BovineInteractionMicrobiomeResidual feed intake

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Microbiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The fecal microbiome is crucial for host metabolism, but its characterization in cattle is incomplete.
  • Small RNAs, like microRNAs (miRNAs), can be found in feces and may mediate host-microbe interactions.
  • Understanding these interactions is key to improving cattle feed efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between fecal microRNA expression, gut microbiome composition, and feed efficiency in Nelore bulls.
  • To identify specific microRNAs and bacterial taxa related to residual feed intake (RFI).

Main Methods:

  • Fecal samples from Nelore bulls with divergent RFI phenotypes were analyzed.
  • miRNA sequencing and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were employed to profile host miRNAs and bacterial communities.
  • Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to explore miRNA-microbiome interactions.

Main Results:

  • Seven fecal microRNAs (bta-miR-27b, bta-miR-30a, bta-miR-126, bta-miR-143, bta-miR-155, bta-miR-205, bta-miR-196a) were upregulated in inefficiently feeding bulls.
  • Significant correlations were found between fecal miRNA expression and the abundance of specific bacterial taxa (e.g., Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, Coriobacteriaceae).
  • Host miRNAs appear to influence the gut microbiome composition, potentially mediating effects on feed efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Fecal miRNAs and specific gut bacteria are associated with feed efficiency in cattle.
  • These findings suggest a role for host-derived miRNAs in modulating the gut microbiome.
  • The identified miRNAs and taxa are potential targets for strategies to enhance feed efficiency in cattle.