Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 14, 2026
07:44
A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
Published on: September 6, 2024
760
A case of impending paradoxical embolism
Hideaki Kanda1, Kazuhisa Matsumoto2, Akira Hiwatashi2
1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan. h-kanda@m3.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp.
General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases
|October 22, 2025
Summary
Impending paradoxical embolism (IPDE) involves a clot in a patent foramen ovale. This case successfully removed the clot via cardiopulmonary bypass, preventing arterial embolism.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Vascular Surgery
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Impending paradoxical embolism (IPDE) is a rare condition.
- Characterized by a thrombus within a patent foramen ovale (PFO).
- PFO allows venous thrombi to cross into the arterial circulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the successful management of a rare case of IPDE.
- To highlight the diagnostic utility of advanced imaging.
- To present a surgical approach to prevent arterial embolism.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and IPDE using computed tomography and transesophageal echocardiography.
- Surgical removal of an incarcerated thrombus from the PFO.
- Closure of the PFO under cardiopulmonary bypass.
Main Results:
- A 24-year-old woman presented with chest pain and dyspnea.
- Transesophageal echocardiography confirmed a thrombus in the PFO.
- Successful surgical removal of the thrombus and PFO closure were performed.
Conclusions:
- Surgical intervention effectively treated IPDE in this patient.
- This approach prevented potential arterial thrombosis.
- Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing IPDE.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction
504
Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
504
01:17Measurement of Blood Pressure
2.7K
Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a...
2.7K
01:29Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
311
Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
311
01:30Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction
361
Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
361
01:27Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management
353
A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
353
01:26Pneumothorax-I
1.2K
A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
1.2K