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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

791
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
791
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

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The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Neurodevelopmental disorders: assessing and training working memory.

Paula Ferreira1, Carmen David2, Cristina Costescu2

  • 1Faculty of Psychology (UID/04527: Research Center for Psychological Science), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. paula.ferreira@edu.ulisboa.pt.

BMC Psychology
|October 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Serious games like WorM can effectively assess and train working memory in children. This approach offers personalized, motivating tools for neurodevelopmental disorders, showing promise beyond traditional methods.

Keywords:
Educational platformNeurodevelopmental disordersSerious gamesWorking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Working memory assessment and training are crucial for children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).
  • Existing methods may lack motivation and personalization.
  • Serious games offer a potential solution for engaging and tailored interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To illustrate the potential of a serious game, WorM, for assessing and training working memory capacity in children.
  • To identify and validate design aspects crucial for effective serious games in this context.

Main Methods:

  • The WorM game was designed and evaluated through three studies.
  • Qualitative methods (interviews, focus groups) informed design (Study 1 & 2).
  • Quantitative analysis (Item Response Theory) and user feedback assessed usefulness (Study 3).

Main Results:

  • Key design elements include captivating interests, customization, short duration, rewards, feedback, and clear instructions.
  • Interactive visual feedback was enhanced in Study 2.
  • WorM tasks demonstrated comparable or greater difficulty variability than the standardized Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory (CHEXI).

Conclusions:

  • Serious games like WorM provide a promising avenue for assessing and training working memory.
  • WorM offers a motivating and personalized approach, potentially beneficial for children with NDDs.
  • The game demonstrated good reliability, comparable to established instruments.