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An Efficient Method for Adenovirus Production
Published on: June 10, 2021
The Epidemiology and Clinical Burden of Human Adenovirus Respiratory Infections Among Hospitalized Children Under 5
Munir Abu-Helalah1,2,3, Mohammad Al-Hanaktah3, Mohammad Abu Lubad4
1From the Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine.
Insights
Human Adenovirus (HAdV) causes significant respiratory illness in children. This study in Jordan found a 10.9% HAdV positivity rate, with coinfections increasing severity, highlighting HAdV
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Human Adenovirus (HAdV) is a major cause of severe acute respiratory infections in young children globally.
- Limited data exists on the epidemiological and clinical burden of HAdV in Jordan, especially in the post-COVID-19 era.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of Human Adenovirus (HAdV) infection in hospitalized children under 5 years old in Jordan.
- To assess the impact of HAdV coinfections on respiratory morbidity and complications in pediatric patients.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted in 4 Jordanian hospitals from November 2022 to April 2023.
- Nasopharyngeal swabs from 1000 children (<5 years) with respiratory symptoms were tested for HAdV using real-time PCR.
- Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were analyzed to identify predictors of HAdV positivity and associated complications.
Main Results:
- The overall HAdV positivity rate was 10.9%, with the highest prevalence in children aged 49-60 months.
- HAdV-positive children experienced more frequent and prolonged sore throats. Coinfections (34.9%) with RSV or influenza increased cough, wheezing, and crackles.
- Younger age (<6 months) was linked to lower HAdV odds (OR 0.31), while invasive ventilation correlated with higher odds (OR 5.01). Uncomplicated HAdV infections showed reduced complication rates (OR 0.06).
Conclusions:
- Human Adenovirus (HAdV) remains a significant contributor to pediatric respiratory morbidity in Jordan, with notable rates of coinfection.
- This study provides crucial insights into HAdV epidemiology and clinical impact in Jordan post-COVID-19.
- Further research is recommended to explore non-respiratory HAdV manifestations, local serotypes, and genetic characteristics.
Background:
Human Adenovirus (HAdV) is a significant pathogen associated with severe acute respiratory infections, especially in children under 5. Despite its global impact, its epidemiological and clinical burden in Jordan, particularly post-COVID-19, is limited.
Methods:
We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study across 4 hospitals in Jordan from November 2022 to April 2023. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children <5 years old hospitalized with respiratory symptoms. HAdV positivity was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were analyzed to identify predictors of HAdV positivity and complications.
Results:
Among 1000 enrolled participants (median age 9.68 months, 59% male), the HAdV positivity rate was 10.9%, highest in children 49-60 months of age. HAdV-positive cases had higher rates and longer duration of sore throat compared with HAdV-negative cases. Coinfections with respiratory syncytial viruses or influenza were present in 34.9% of HAdV-positive cases and were associated with increased rates of cough, wheezing and respiratory crackles. Logistic regression revealed lower odds of HAdV positivity in children under six months [odds ratio (OR) 0.31, P < 0.001], while invasive ventilation was associated with higher odds of positivity (OR 5.01, P < 0.001). HAdV infection without coinfection was associated with reduced odds of complications (OR 0.06, P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
This is the first comprehensive study in Jordan to document the epidemiologic and clinical burden of HAdV in children post-COVID-19. HAdV remains a major cause of respiratory morbidity, with significant coinfection rates. Further research is needed to explore the nonrespiratory manifestations, identify HAdV common local serotypes and genetic characteristics.
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