Camel Milk in Skin Cancer Therapeutics: An In-vitro and In-vivo Study

Therapeutic applications of camel milk in various human ailments have led to the investigation of camel milk against multiple cancers. However, the absence of its scientific evidence in skin cancer protection has prompted this new study's inception.

The study includes estimation of camel milk's chemopreventive potential on A431 cells and a twostage skin carcinogenesis model (Mus musculus). The in-vitro studies included MTT, scratch and flow cytometry assay to determine the anti-proliferative effects, anti-migratory ability and cell numbers in various cell cycle stages. In the in-vivo study, estimations of tumour morphology, biochemical alterations, along with a histopathological study were performed. Further, the milk was assessed for its anti-oxidative activities, followed by GCMS analysis for the investigation of potential compounds.

The in-vitro results demonstrated camel milk's dose-dependent anti-proliferation, significant (p<0.001) cell migration inhibition, and conclusive G1/S phase cell cycle arrest. The in-vivo study revealed a notable reduction in tumour parameters and histopathological lesions in skin and liver tissues of camel milk-treated mice. Additionally, a marked decrease (p<0.005; 0.001) in LPO levels and an increase in GSH, catalase and SOD biochemical parameters were noted. Moreover, dose-dependent elevation (p<0.001) of milk's anti-oxidative activity (DPPH, ABTS, ferrous-ion & superoxide-anion chelating) and presence of numerous anti-oxidative and anticancer compounds was observed.

The investigation highlightstranslational relevance of camel milk's in-vitro outcomes as supported by in-vivo findings. Moreover, GC-MS analysis and anti-oxidative potential underscore the mechanism behind the observed chemo-prevention.

The study reveals camel milk's significant chemo-preventive efficacy primarily due to its robust antioxidant properties, making it a promising adjunct skin cancer therapy.