A combined diving and mindfulness program as a catalyst for behavioural change in adults with obesity: a qualitative...

The Bathysmed^® program combines scuba diving with mindfulness meditation and sophrology techniques. The effects of this program on emotional eating in adults with obesity was studied in a recent randomized controlled trial. Here, we aimed to understand the lived experiences of patients with obesity who participated in the program.

This qualitative phenomenological study interviewed volunteers from the BathysMed arm of the trial. Ten semi-structured individual interviews were analyzed using a semio-pragmatic analysis method with triangulation.

Four categories emerged: 1) the protocol offered disconnection, awe of the underwater world, and transformation of sensory stimuli. This created a meditative experience that fostered mindfulness in daily life. 2) Combined with psychological and dietary support, it raised awareness of psychological disorders and had a therapeutic effect, promoting engagement in the care process. Overcoming difficulties during this experience increased self-esteem and reduced self-stigmatization. 3) Awareness of emotional eating and better management of emotions and stress was a catalyst for behavioral changes: reduced food compulsions, increased physical activity, and pursuit of change. 4) The conditions of the intervention influenced participants' unique experiences. The group had a distinct beneficial effect.

The combined diving and mindfulness program is a synergistic, innovative approach with multidimensional benefits for adults with obesity. The program could be integrated into comprehensive management of chronic conditions to promote lifestyle changes.