QT Interval Prolongation in Chronic Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Hepatology
• Clinical Medicine

Background:

• Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a major global health concern.
• Cardiovascular complications, including QT interval prolongation and arrhythmias, are under-recognized in CLD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence of QT prolongation and cardiac rhythm disturbances in CLD patients.
• To identify factors contributing to these cardiac abnormalities, such as liver disease severity, electrolyte imbalances, and diuretic use.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving 155 CLD patients at Warrington Hospital.
• Collection of demographic, clinical, and laboratory data.
• 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) to assess QT interval.

Main Results:

• 38% of CLD patients exhibited QT prolongation, with higher rates in cirrhotic patients (45%).
• Electrolyte imbalances (hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia) and diuretic use were strongly associated with QT prolongation and arrhythmias.
• Arrhythmias were detected in 45% of patients, significantly increasing with QT prolongation (58% vs. 30%).

Conclusions:

• QT interval prolongation and cardiac rhythm disturbances are highly prevalent in CLD, especially in advanced stages and cirrhosis.
• Electrolyte abnormalities and diuretic use are key contributing factors to these cardiac issues in CLD patients.